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If you’re in North America, you’re feeling the effects of the hot summer sun on your skin pretty much every day. As the sun’s angle in the sky becomes more direct, UV radiation also increases, according to the FDA, and combined with longer days, that increase in radiation can cause more damage to your skin. If you’ve been googling “the best sunscreens for athletes” to protect your skin during workouts, trust that you’re not alone.
The good news is that more and more sunscreen brands are taking creative and natural approaches to skincare (and the environment), so now there are tons of options. Below we’ll give you some sage advice on how to keep your skin happy and safe, what to look for in the best sunscreens for athletes, plus provide a list of some of our favorites for swim, bike, and run.
Buy the best sunscreen for athletes
Be sure you’re taking realistic stock of which workouts you’ll be doing outside before you even think about buying sunscreen:
- If you’re out in the pool, you’ll need waterproof sunscreen.
- If you’re going out for a multi-hour long ride, you’ll probably need to reapply (so get a smaller tube to bring along).
- If you’re running, you just want to be sure you have something super sweatproof that’ll last as long as your long run does, unless you want to dry off and then reapply halfway through.
As a solution, some triathletes will use a different brand/model for each sport (because, yeah, triathletes need more stuff). But in all seriousness, even the most expensive sunscreens have their intended use, and as triathletes, we need to be sure we’re using our sun protection properly.
What’s the best SPF for an athlete’s sunscreen?
This used to be a pretty cut-and-dry proposition, but new research is showing that the types of UV rays that a sunscreen protects you from is actually more important than a high SPF number. In fact, in our “line of work,” SPF isn’t as useful as you’d think because we’re not (generally) just statically sunbathing—so no matter how high the SPF, we still need to reapply after X amount of minutes or else SPF 1,000,000 doesn’t do us any good anyway.
But just for reference, the SPF factor refers to how many hours you’d theoretically need to be in the sun with that sunscreen before the equivalent of one hour unprotected. In other words, if you wear SPF 30, and you generally burn unprotected after 20 minutes in the sun, you’d theoretically be fine for 10 hours of sunbathing. But if you’re sweating or swimming, all of this goes right out the door.
Also, bear in mind, this only refers to UVB rays, not UVA rays. While the jury’s kind of out on the level of damage that UVA rays do to your skin, the best sunscreens for athletes are broad-spectrum versions that offer protection from both.
Sunscreens for athletes: What’s safe, what’s not
Again, this has become a point of contention in recent years, but if you’re erring on the side of safety (maybe at the expense of cost, need to reapply, and aesthetics), here’s what the FDA says about sunscreen ingredients’ safety, in terms of your body:
Two ingredients are “generally recognized as safe and effective” (GRASE):
- Titanium dioxide
- Zinc oxide
Two ingredients that are NOT GRASE (though these ingredients are not found in sunscreens the U.S., so don’t be wowed by brands that use a lack of these two chemicals as a selling point):
- PABA
- Trolamine salicylate
The FDA is investigating these ingredients and their absorption effects into the human body before they can be classified as GRASE:
- Ensulizole, octisalate, homosalate, octocrylene, octinoxate, oxybenzone, avobenzone (all commonly found in the U.S.)
- Cinoxate, dioxybenzone, meradimate, padimate O, sulisobenzone (not found in the U.S.)
So if you’re listening to the FDA—not a bad source of unbiased information—the idea is that those complicated-sounding chemicals in the two lists above are not necessarily bad, but that the FDA can’t say for certain that they’re safe either. In a recent study searching for answers, an FDA representative said, “Results from our study released today show there is evidence that some sunscreen active ingredients may be absorbed [from the above list]. However, the fact that an ingredient is absorbed through the skin and into the body does not mean that the ingredient is unsafe, nor does the FDA seeking further information indicate such. Rather, this finding calls for further industry testing to determine the safety and effect of systemic exposure of sunscreen ingredients, especially with chronic use.”
Long story short: More unbiased testing needs to be done on the “iffy-GRASE” ingredients before they can make a ruling, but the FDA is far from sold on their safety for those who use sunscreen a lot (like us).
As a side note, it’s important to note that those -ate, -ene, -one ingredients are all very popular in basic grocery store, convenience store, and drug store settings. They’re also generally the sunscreens that are the cheapest AND rub in the best/easiest. My advice here is: We’re triathletes, we’re never going to look super cool while training, and coping with some white stuff on your neck (a common complaint against the -ide-based sunscreens) is probably not going to change your world in the same way that cancer will.
What’s safe for the environment?
Another murky area! Literally. While the entire state of Hawaii will ban sunscreens with the chemicals oxybenzone and octinoxate in 2021—due to findings that those two chemicals are responsible for damaging coral, there’s actually evidence that a few of the other -ene and -ate chemicals are bad for sea life as well. According to a (generally unbiased) Consumer Reports’ story, chemicals like octocrylene, homosalate, and octisalate can affect various types of fish. In that same story, they note that there are no regulations around the term “reef-safe,” so consumers need to be diligent in reading those alphabet soup-like ingredient labels on the back of sunscreens—no matter how “reef safe” they claim to be. Here, again it’s important to know that there’s still a lack of testing on what’s for sure safe, but the -ide chemicals (titanium oxide and zinc oxide) still haven’t been proven as harmful—unlike a few other chemicals listed.
That said, everyone agrees some sunscreen is better than none at all, so we’ve listed a few options across the spectrum, and you’ll have to decide your own risk tolerance as an educated consumer.
The best sunscreens for triathletes
Protekt SPF 50 Mineral Sunscreen
There’s a lot to like about this veteran-owned brand that makes more than just sunscreen (they also make a few supplements). Protekt uses NSF-certified organic ingredients and 20% zinc oxide for broad spectrum protection (UVA and UVB), and due to those simple ingredients—which also include a host of skin-moisturizing minerals as inactive ingredients—this is also actually a reef-safe sunscreen. In application, Protekt isn’t the most moisturizing/smooth, but it’s also not as chalky or white as many other zinc-based sunscreens—in fact, it occupies a good middle ground between quality ingredients and ease-of wearing, though it’s not cheap. Like others, it requires another coat after 80 minutes of water use, despite its 50 SPF rating.
Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Face & Body Mineral Sunscreen Stick Broad Spectrum SPF 50
This is a great choice because of its small size (fits in a jersey pocket) that lets you reapply as you ride or run. The Zinc Oxide-based formula blocks both UVA and UVB rays but doesn’t have the icky white residue like many mineral-based sunscreens. It also goes without saying that like all Neutrogena products, it’s dermatologist recommended, so it’s the best choice for those with sensitive skin.
Z Blok Clear Zinc Facial Stick
Though the name might not ring a bell to most triathletes, Z Blok makes a solid stick for a solid, non-greasy facial coverage for training and racing. The formula will not burn eyes and is sweat-resistant, critical for hot, summer running and riding. We loved the solid formula and relatively clear application for a zinc-based product with 4.7% zinc oxide and 6% titanium oxide.
Trader Joe’s Zinc Oxide SPF 40 Lotion
Though not everyone has access to a Trader Joe’s nearby, if you do, and you’re a triathlete, you should give this zinc-based sunscreen a try. It goes on smoother than most mineral options, though it does take some rubbing to “get the white out.” It has none of the maybe-bad -ates, -ones, or -enes as the active ingredients—only 20.5% zinc—though it does have an assortment of other inactive ingredients, but nothing that raises any immediate red flags. It also has UVA/UVB protection in a scent-free and hypoallergenic formula. The only downside to this product is that it is water resistant, but TJ’s recommends reapplying after 40 minutes, which can be tough to do if you want to stick to their guidelines and your workout is of a normal length. That said, I’ve gone longer than that without reapplying and had no burns to speak of. The big deal on this one? Expect to pay cheap, terrible sunscreen prices for something that’s probably a Neutrogena-level product with a different label.
Sun Bum Mineral SPF 50 Spray
Sun Bum has a big collection of sunscreens and sunblocks, but their new mineral line is what we like. It’s rare to find a zinc product that actually works for UVA/UVB, is for-real reef friendly, hypoallergenic, and comes in a spray—something pretty important for hitting those hard-to-reach spots while swimming solo. While the inactive ingredients have a few extra letters than we’d like, none of them throw up any red flags and are likely just extras to help with the tricky spray proposition. The price is also still pretty decent, but bear in mind that a spray will likely deplete faster than a cream, due to waste in the air.
Zealios Sun Barrier SPF 45
Zealios is another product made for/by athletes that uses a mixture of mineral ingredients like zinc oxide and chemical ingredients like octinoxate and octisalate. So while it’s not an entirely mineral sunscreen, this is a popular choice amongst endurance athletes because of its 80-minute water resistance, UVA/UVB protection, and smooth application. Though it’s not exactly cheap, it’s a slightly better value than some of the other high-end athlete brands and comes in a smaller 3oz. bottle or a giant-sized 32oz. pump bottle with accompanying refillable 2oz. travel bottle.